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15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead? 16 If the first portion[a] of the dough offered is holy, then the whole batch is holy, and if the root is holy, so too are the branches.[b]

17 Now if some of the branches were broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, were grafted in among them and participated in[c] the richness of the olive root,

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:16 tn Grk “firstfruits,” a term for the first part of something that has been set aside and offered to God before the remainder can be used.
  2. Romans 11:16 sn Most interpreters see Paul as making use of a long-standing metaphor of the olive tree (the root…the branches) as a symbol for Israel. See, in this regard, Jer 11:16, 19. A. T. Hanson, Studies in Paul’s Technique and Theology, 121-24, cites rabbinic use of the figure of the olive tree, and goes so far as to argue that Rom 11:17-24 is a midrash on Jer 11:16-19.
  3. Romans 11:17 tn Grk “became a participant of.”